Diamonds: Carat weight
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The Carat weight of a diamond is simply its weight as measured on a scale. One carat is equivalent to 1/5 gram. Points are equivalent to 1/100 of a carat. Thus, 1/2 carat diamond weighs 50 points or .50 carats. Diamonds of equal carat weight may vary significantly in brilliance depending on the symmetry and cut. Diamonds get exponentially greater in cost as they get larger since larger diamonds are found less frequently in nature. Therefore, a two-carat diamond would cost more than twice as much as a one-carat diamond of equal quality.